一、阅读理解(1-20)

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(获得)of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent's principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment.

1. Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills _____.

A. should be avoided

B. is universal among parents

C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D. will make him lose interest in learning new things

答案：A

解析：段讲到了父母急切盼望孩子们掌握新技能的这种心情所带来的各种负面影响，B、C、D三项均是负面影响的内容，因此要尽量避免，所以只选一项的就选A.

2. In the process of children's learning new skills parents _____.

A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read

B. Should not expect too much of them

C. Should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

D. Should create as many learning opportunities as possible

答案：C

解析：根据段中所提到的父母太急于盼望孩子们掌握新技能对孩子们产生的不良影响可以得出一个结论：父母应该在强迫孩子和给予他们自由之间保持平衡。故选C.

3. The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.

A. parents should be strict with their children

B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community

C. parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone

D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

答案：C

解析：根据第二段句话"Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children."故选C.

4. The word "precept" (Line 4, Para.3) probably means _____.

A. idea

B. punishment

C. behavior

D. instruction

答案：D

解析：根据后一段"If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)"，可知precept的意思与preach相近，故选D instruction(指导)。

5. In moral matters, parents should _____.

A. observe the rules themselves

B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children

C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D. consistently ensure the security of their children

答案：A

解析：根据后一段句"As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching."可知：在道德问题方面，父母的教育方式要保持一致与连贯，不能朝令夕改。故选A.

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